aLt's Security Blog

As in my last post i have already make it clear about source routing and its type.Now lets do some practical  to understand it more clearly.Below given figure shows lab environment on which i ll be doing ping using different options. Loose Source and Record Route  Loose Source and Record Route Strict Source and Record Route Strict Source and Record Route "ping -j" option is used for loose source routing and "ping -k" for strict source routing.Now what we did here we used same paths for loose and source in first case then differ it slightly to understand the difference. Now when we used the same and correct path which have all hops between source and destination then both loose and strict routing shows the same result.    Difference Between Loose and Strict Routing Now what we did here we remove the gateway from the path list which we are using .so what happened loose source routing showing result instead one hop or the very first ...

There are two types of Source Routing possible in IP packet. Loose Source and Record Route  The loose source and record route (LSRR) option provides a means for the source of an internet datagram to supply routing information to be used by the gateways in forwarding the datagram to the destination, and to record the route information. MAC header IP header IP option 3 Data ::: IP Option 3: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Type Length Pointer Route [] ::: Type.  8 bits. Always set to 131. 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 C Class Option   C, Copy flag.  1 bit. Set to 1. Indicates the option is to be copied into all fragments. Class.  2 bits. Cleared to 0. The option is a control option. Option.  5 bits. Set to 3. The IP option number. Length.  8 bits. Total length of the option in bytes. Pointer.  8 bits. Route [].  Variable length. An arra...

What is Wifi? It is wireless Internet connection through a wireless router which is transmitting data in specific high frequency radio signal. Evolution of 802.11 1:802.11 legacy 2:802.11a – 5.4GHz,1999,orthogonal frequency Multiplexing 3:802.11b—2.4GHz ,CSMA/CA,11mbps 4:802.11g—2003,backward compatible,54mbps 5:802.11n – MIMO,150mbps,2.4-5GHZ 6:802.11ac – underdevelopment,6.9Gbps,8-MIMO streams etc… Modes There are 6 modes of wifi : 1. Monitor 2. Master 3. Managed 4. Ad-hoc 5. Mesh 6. Repeater 7.Promoscuios  To know the wireless mode that you are running can be checked by following command : iw phy phy1 info  1. Master : It is Access Point or Base Station, it €™s an embedded device with a proprietary OS or slim down Linux installation setup to provide network access to clients. 2. Managed : Infrastructure Mode, are considered clients or stations and are the devices connected to an access point. Your laptop,...

  msfwifi_dir="/opt/metasploit/msf3/modules/auxiliary/dos/wifi/"   rubylorcon_dir="/opt/metasploit/msf3/external/ruby-lorcon2"   msfuzz_dir="/opt/metasploit/msf3/modules/auxiliary/fuzzers/wifi"   apt-get install libnl-dev   clear   svn co http://802.11ninja.net/svn/lorcon/trunk lorcon2   cp -r ./lorcon2/ $rubylorcon_dir    sed -i 's/+ channel.chr/+ datastore['\''CHANNEL'\''].to_i.chr/g' $msfwifi_dir /ssidlist_beacon.rb   sed -i 's/+ channel.chr/+ datastore['\''CHANNEL'\''].to_i.chr/g' $msfwifi_dir/netgear_*   sed -i 's/+ channel.chr/+ datastore['\''CHANNEL'\''].to_i.chr/g' $msfuzz_dir/*.rb   sed -i 's/Lorcon/Lorcon2/g' $msfwifi_dir/ssidlist_beacon.rb   sed -i 's/STR2CSTR/StringValuePtr/g' $rubylorcon_dir/Lorcon2.c   cd $rubylorcon_dir/lorcon2   ./configure --prefix=/usr/   make   make install   cd ..   ruby ./extconf.rb  ...

SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol. It was created in 1988. The purpose of its creation was to manage a growing number of network elements in a computer network. Slowly, this protocol started becoming popular and it forms the basis of network management today. Through snmp one can retrieve information about network devices like routers, printers, hubs or even normal computers. The information that can be retrieved through snmp is endless. Some examples of the type of information that can be retrieved through snmp are : System up time CPU usage level Disk usage level Network settings etc. Not only information can be retrieved but also these network devices can be configured with new values through snmp. Despite being simple in its design and approach, its the sheer power of this protocol that makes its popular network management protocol today. SNMP system design A computer network system that uses SNMP for network management consists of the three fund...

PathPing is a network utility supplied in Windows NT and beyond that combines the functionality of ping with that of tracert. It provides details of the path between two hosts and Ping-like statistics for each node in the path based on samples taken over a time period, depending on how many nodes are between the start and end host. The advantages of PathPing over ping and traceroute are that each node is pinged as the result of a single command, and that the behavior of nodes is studied over an extended time period, rather than the default ping sample of four messages or default traceroute single route trace.

Here is the way to - HOWTO - create a Digital Certificate using OpenSSL software.  First of all install OpenSSL on you PC.  Create your Own CA  Then create some directory to be your CA directory (let's call it demoCA)  Now create the following 3 directories in demoCA (requests, certs, and keys) and create the following to files (database.txt, and serial.txt) and open serial.txt and write 01 in it. Also don't forget to copy the file openssl.conf there too.  Now you need to create your CA key:    openssl genrsa -des3 -out keys/ca.key 1024   Create a master certificate based on this key, to use when signing other certificates:    openssl req -config openssl.conf -new -x509 -days 1001 -key keys/ca.key -out certs/ca.cer Create the Digital Certificate   Generate private key for the certificate:    openssl genrsa -des3 -out keys/foo-key.pem 2048   Create a certificate request:    openssl req -new...